Mexico–Poland glossary

acta constitutiva Mexico

The incorporation deed of a Mexican company, executed before a notary or corredor público and recorded in the Public Registry of Commerce. Business and operations Mexico–Poland →

AI Act Tech and cybersecurity

Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 on artificial intelligence. It classifies AI uses by risk level and applies in stages; the high-risk rules have been postponed to 2027 and 2028. AI hosting →

apostilla Mexico

Apostille: the certificate under the 1961 Hague Convention that makes a public document valid abroad. Mexico and Poland are both parties, so no consular legalisation is needed, though you will still need a sworn translation. Mexico to Poland →

CEIDG Poland

The central register of sole traders (jednoosobowa działalność gospodarcza). Registration is free and can be done online. Business and operations Mexico–Poland →

CFDI Tax and invoicing

Comprobante Fiscal Digital por Internet: the Mexican e-invoice (version 4.0). It only becomes valid once an authorised provider (PAC) certifies it, a step known as timbrado. Business and operations Mexico–Poland →

Consent Mode Tech and cybersecurity

A Google feature that adjusts how Google Ads and Analytics tags behave based on the user's cookie consent. In the EEA it is needed to keep using measurement and audience features. Paid media (Google and social) →

CSIRT Tech and cybersecurity

Computer security incident response team. Poland's national CSIRTs are CSIRT GOV, CSIRT MON and CSIRT NASK, which receive incident reports depending on the type of entity. NIS2 implementation →

CURP Mexico

Clave Única de Registro de Población: Mexico's 18-character personal identification code. Foreign residents receive one too. Poland to Mexico →

DKIM Tech and cybersecurity

A cryptographic signature added to each outgoing email, which the receiving server checks against a public key published in your DNS. Business hosting →

DMARC Tech and cybersecurity

A DNS policy that builds on SPF and DKIM to tell receivers what to do with mail that fails the checks (none, quarantine or reject) and sends reports to the domain owner. Business hosting →

e.firma Tax and invoicing

The advanced electronic signature issued by the SAT (formerly FIEL). It is used for tax and other official procedures in Mexico and is valid for four years. Business and operations Mexico–Poland →

faktura ustrukturyzowana Tax and invoicing

Structured invoice: an XML invoice following the official FA(3) schema, issued and received through KSeF, which assigns it a KSeF number. KSeF integration →

IMSS Mexico

Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico's social security institute. Employers must register their staff, giving them healthcare, a pension and other benefits. Business and operations Mexico–Poland →

INM Mexico

Instituto Nacional de Migración: the Mexican authority that decides on foreigners' stays, residence and permission to work in Mexico. Poland to Mexico →

JPK_V7 Tax and invoicing

The electronic file that combines the VAT return and VAT records: JPK_V7M if you file monthly, JPK_V7K if you file quarterly. KSeF integration →

Karta Pobytu Poland

Residence card for foreigners holding a temporary or permanent residence permit. It proves your identity in Poland and, together with your passport, lets you cross the border without a visa. Mexico to Poland →

KRS Poland

The National Court Register (Krajowy Rejestr Sądowy). Companies such as the sp. z o.o. are registered here, and the KRS number identifies your company in contracts and documents. Business and operations Mexico–Poland →

KSC Tech and cybersecurity

Poland's National Cybersecurity System Act (ustawa o krajowym systemie cyberbezpieczeństwa). Its amendment, in force since 3 April 2026, transposes NIS2. NIS2 implementation →

KSeF Tax and invoicing

The National e-Invoicing System (Krajowy System e-Faktur) run by the Ministry of Finance. Structured invoices are issued and received through it; it has been mandatory in stages since 2026. KSeF integration →

MOS Poland

The official portal (Moduł Obsługi Spraw) of the Office for Foreigners (UdSC). Since 27 April 2026 it is, with some exceptions, the only way to apply for temporary, permanent or EU long-term residence. Mexico to Poland →

MPP Tax and invoicing

Split payment mechanism (mechanizm podzielonej płatności): the VAT amount goes to the supplier's dedicated VAT account. Mandatory for invoices over PLN 15,000 gross for goods and services on the statutory list. KSeF integration →

NFZ Poland

The National Health Fund (Narodowy Fundusz Zdrowia). It funds public healthcare for people insured in Poland. Mexico to Poland →

NIP Tax and invoicing

Poland's 10-digit tax identification number. It appears on invoices, in contracts and in KSeF. KSeF integration →

NIS2 Tech and cybersecurity

Directive (EU) 2022/2555 on cybersecurity. It requires essential and important entities to manage risk and report incidents; Poland implements it through the KSC. NIS2 implementation →

NOM Mexico

Normas Oficiales Mexicanas: mandatory technical regulations (safety, labelling, efficiency…) that many products must meet to be sold in or imported into Mexico. Business and operations Mexico–Poland →

Padrón de Importadores Mexico

The SAT importers' register, generally required to import goods into Mexico. Some products also need entry in a sector-specific register. Business and operations Mexico–Poland →

PESEL Poland

Poland's 11-digit national identification number. You need it for banking, healthcare, Profil Zaufany and most online dealings with the authorities. Mexico to Poland →

Profil Zaufany Poland

A free electronic identity for dealing with Polish public authorities online and signing documents with legal effect. It requires a PESEL number. Mexico to Poland →

REGON Poland

Statistical number assigned by Statistics Poland (GUS) to businesses and other entities: 9 digits, or 14 for local units. Business and operations Mexico–Poland →

residencia permanente Mexico

Mexican permanent residence status, allowing you to live in Mexico indefinitely and to work. Poland to Mexico →

residencia temporal Mexico

Mexican temporary residence status, allowing you to live in Mexico for up to four years. It can include permission to work. Poland to Mexico →

RFC Tax and invoicing

Registro Federal de Contribuyentes: the Mexican tax ID issued by the SAT, 13 characters for individuals and 12 for legal entities. Business and operations Mexico–Poland →

RODO / UODO Poland

RODO is the Polish name for the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). UODO is the Polish data protection authority, headed by its President (PUODO).

RPO and RTO Tech and cybersecurity

RPO is the maximum data loss you can accept, measured in time since the last backup. RTO is how quickly the service must be running again after an outage. Business hosting →

S. de R.L. de C.V. Mexico

Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada de Capital Variable: a Mexican limited liability company with variable capital. Up to 50 partners, and capital can go up or down without amending the bylaws. Business and operations Mexico–Poland →

SAT Tax and invoicing

Servicio de Administración Tributaria: Mexico's tax authority, part of the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit (SHCP). Business and operations Mexico–Poland →

SLA Tech and cybersecurity

Service level agreement: contractual commitments on availability, response times and compensation, for example 99.9% uptime. Business hosting →

sp. z o.o. Poland

Polish limited liability company (spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością), the form most foreign investors choose. Minimum share capital is PLN 5,000, and it can be set up online through the S24 system. Business and operations Mexico–Poland →

SPF Tech and cybersecurity

A DNS record listing the servers allowed to send email on behalf of your domain. It helps prevent spoofing and keeps your messages out of spam. Business hosting →

SZBI Tech and cybersecurity

Information security management system (system zarządzania bezpieczeństwem informacji) that the KSC requires of essential and important entities. ISO/IEC 27001 is the usual reference. NIS2 implementation →

tłumacz przysięgły Poland

A sworn translator on the Polish Ministry of Justice list. Their stamped and signed translations are the ones public offices and courts accept. Mexico to Poland →

UPO Tax and invoicing

Official Confirmation of Receipt (Urzędowe Poświadczenie Odbioru), issued by the authorities when they receive an electronic submission such as a KSeF invoice or a JPK file. KSeF integration →

urząd wojewódzki Poland

The office of the voivode, the central government's representative in each region (voivodeship). It decides foreigners' residence permit applications at first instance. Mexico to Poland →

zameldowanie Poland

Registration of your permanent or temporary address at the local municipal office (urząd gminy or miasta). For foreigners it is the usual route to a PESEL number. Mexico to Poland →

ZUS Poland

Poland's Social Insurance Institution (Zakład Ubezpieczeń Społecznych). It pays pensions and benefits and collects social security and health contributions. Business and operations Mexico–Poland →

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